The advent of deep learning has greatly expanded the frontiers of plant leaf image recognition and identification. Contemporary methodologies integrate convolutional neural networks with traditional ...

A study suggests how mechanical forces influence the shapes of plant leaves and flower petals. The genetic and biomolecular mechanisms that give rise to complex 3D shapes in plant organs have been ...

The cells that make up the walls of the finest of all lymphatic vessels have a lobate, oak leaf-like shape that makes them particularly resilient to changes in fluid volume. A similar cell shape also ...