Intelligent agriculture requires precise, real-time control of diverse systems ranging from greenhouse climates to autonomous tractors. Classic approaches such as proportional–integral–derivative (PID ...

Abstract: This letter studies control problems for a class of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) strongly coupled nonlinear uncertain systems with mixed relative degrees one and two. We will design an ...

Abstract: In this article, the problem of observer-based fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative (PID) tracking control is studied for networked nonlinear systems subject to protocol constraints and ...

At the core of any modern industrial process is a control system guaranteeing precision, stability, and efficiency. Perhaps the most commonly used are PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) ...