This tutorial explains the fundamentals of time-, frequency-, and modulation-domain analysis from the perspective of several examples.

NTT stabilized the frequency of an electro-optic modulation-based optical frequency comb for high-speed and large-capacity optical comms applications.

Polygonal optical vortices uniquely enable numerous applications due to the new degrees of freedom and their customizable ...

Power amplifier linearity measurements using the third order intercept and 1 dB compresion points are explained.

3.2 Higher data rates within a limited bandwidth: Higher-order modulation As discussed in the previous section, providing data rates larger than the available bandwidth is fundamentally in-efficient ...

NTT Corporation and Tokyo Denki University have succeeded in further stabilizing the graduated frequency of an optical frequency ruler generated by modulating the intensity and phase of laser ...