Probability density function is a statistical expression defining the likelihood of a series of outcomes for a continuous variable, such as a stock or ETF return.

An approximate conditional probability density function (PDF) given the terminal values is derived with stable index less than one, using the double saddlepoint approximation. We then propose an ...

In some situations only the statistical properties of such objects are desired: the three-dimensional probability density function. This article demonstrates that under special symmetries this ...